Producing Other Hive Products: Beeswax, Propolis, Royal Jelly, and Bee Venom

Beyond honey, bee colonies produce several valuable products that have been used for centuries in various applications. Beeswax, propolis, royal jelly, and bee venom are among these products, each with unique uses and harvesting methods. Here, we explore these products, their applications, and how they are harvested.

1. Beeswax

Beeswax …